Why Ethnic Minority Women Stay In Abusive Relationships Sociology Essay

Why Ethnic Minority Women Stay In Abusive Relationships Sociology Essay The issue of oppressive connections has pulled in national consideration in England and Wales. Verifiably Domestic viciousness has an unequivocally settled in man centric framework, which gives men exclusive rights over ladies. Conventional and social qualities as methods for settling struggle are basic in forming and propagating viciousness of men toward ladies. A womans societal position is accepted to be inferred by her relative situation to a man that is as a little girl, spouse, sweetheart or mother of his kids. One answer for closure the maltreatment and driving brutality free lives is leave the relationship. While this is a potential arrangement it ought to be noticed that with the end goal for ladies to leave it requires huge rebuilding of material, physical and social relations techniques. What makes the ethnic minority ladies remain in harsh connections? A subjective women's activist research strategy was utilized with an accommodation test of 8 ladies who consented to take an interest in the examination. Inside and out meetings were led with the members to investigate the recognitions and encounters of ethnic minority ladies in damaging connections. Various topics that rose up out of the investigation recommended unmistakably womens recognitions and encounters to stay in their damaging connections. These topics identify with duty, staying in view of youngsters, social convictions, financial reliance and absence of social help. Section 1 Presentation Aggressive behavior at home is a social wonder that is widespread and debases society at all levels, Hague (1998). Aggressive behavior at home is one of the most widely recognized violations and is available all through society, generally covered up yet there none-the-less. Viciousness towards ladies by close accomplices is a social issue of colossal extent. The effect of aggressive behavior at home is expansive and considerable with genuine outcomes for the ladies who are exploited as well as for their kids and society on the loose. As per the United Nations Domestic Violence is a demonstration of sex based brutality that outcomes in physical, sexual or mental damage or enduring to ladies including dangers of such demonstrations of union, discretionary hardship of freedom in the case of happening in broad daylight or private life. The United Kingdom government received an unbiased definition, any episode of undermining conduct, brutality or misuse (mental, physical, sexual, monetary or enthusiastic) between grown-ups who are or have been private accomplice or relatives paying little mind to sex or sexuality. Activists working in the territory of aggressive behavior at home emphasized that, if abusive behavior at home is so normal and the maltreatment that awful, for what reason do these ladies remain with the culprit. The appropriate response is bewildering and provocative and without being judgemental, can be agonizingly self-evident. Experts, including social specialists who work legitimately with casualties of aggressive behavior at home regularly end up scratching their heads at the choices ladies make when they are survivors of abusive behavior at home and why they stay in those harsh connections. The examination plans to investigate why ethnic minority ladies in England and Wales stay in oppressive conjugal connections regardless of the dangers of being harmed, both genuinely and mentally during the harsh scenes just as the way of dealing with stress they utilize to adapt to the brutality. This investigation rose up out of an incredible premium that created from a moving work with casualties of Domestic Violence in a womens Refuge during my Second Year Placement in 2011.I had the chance to convey an aggressive behavior at home mindfulness program to the ladies in the asylum. The casualties were mostly from the ethnic minority network. The ladies shared essential data in regards to their encounters with the abuser. It is this obligation that has incited an energy, to investigate subject further. Points of the examination: To investigate the lived encounters of ethnic minority ladies who stay in damaging connections To investigate the reasons why they stay in damaging connections To investigate their adapting systems in harsh conjugal connections To examine the hypothetical point of view with regards to why ethnic minority remain in oppressive connections To distinguish the enactment with respect to Domestic Violence in England and Wales To distinguish and talk about the suggestion to Social Work Practice To structure a technique Targets: To decide the kind of misuse that ethnic minority ladies in harsh conjugal relationship persevere To investigate how ladies build their remain and the adapting techniques utilized to endure. To determine whether manhandled ladies in injurious conjugal connections approach support Section 2 ðÿ˜› The scientist will audit the writing Section 3: This section centers around the exploration plan and techniques that the rearcher utilized in the examination Part 4: This part will cover information assortment investigation and translation Part 5: This part will cover conversation of the outcomes and discoveries ,the more extensive inquiry of the exploration and the conclusion.It will additionally make proposals for future investigations Writing Review Chronicled outline of abusive behavior at home History mirrors the tremendous size of the issue of savagery against ladies. For quite a long time man centric standards commanded and ladies were viewed as the property of their spouses. Some propose that lady misuse has its foundations in Roman law, which allowed a spouse to slaughter his better half in the event that she submitted an assortment of offenses (Stacey, Hazelwood Shupe, 1994). English Common law gave spouses the option to beat their wives with any sensible instrument. These laws were kept up all through Europe and America until the late 1800s when a couple of states revoked this right. Local ambushes proceeded and were named local questions. They were viewed as aggravation conduct, not criminal. Thus they were not genuinely in the criminal equity framework until the previous ten years when an assortment of resolutions were created which explicitly shield individuals from household misuse. Abusive behavior at home and Patriarchy Dobash (2002) states that there are a few legitimate and political belief systems supporting that spouses have authority over their wives. The legitimate right of a man to utilize physical power against his better half is not, at this point unequivocally perceived in England and Wales, anyway the heritage of the male centric society keeps on creating the conditions and connections that lead to a spouses utilization of power against his significant other (Dobash 2002).Patriarchal strength is as yet bolstered by moral request which fortify the conjugal progression, making it hard for ladies to battle against the predominance. Accordingly womens battles are thusly considered as off-base, improper and an approval of the regard and dedication a spouse is backing to provide for her significant other. The way that Domestic viciousness is viewed as a type of male centric strength is verifiable considering authentic proof. The authentic, lawful and strict compositions all add to the comprehen sion of the status of ladies with respect to abusive behavior at home. This status incorporates the clarification why ladies stay in injurious connections. Culture ,religion and Patriarchy Abusive behavior at home interpretation of various structures inside the BME people group (Richards 2004).Various strategies are utilized by their accomplices to annihilate confidence and forestall grumbling or getaway as resounded by Dasgupta (2000).Choudry(1996) noticed that socially explicit maltreatment, incorporates dangers to demolish a womans notoriety among family members, blaming ladies for affecting the maltreatment. Albeit household misuse will in general spotlight on cozy accomplice viciousness, However as Minhas 2002, Gill 2002 andGangoli 2004) saw that different individuals from the abusers family are refered to as being associated with the brutality. Savagery associated with share can regularly support the all-inclusive familys contribution in the maltreatment (Dasgupta and Warrier, 1996). Social, social and strict standards may stop ladies from looking for help or uncovering the issue through an indictment, as they may fear rebuke from inside their families or network s, or neglect to get the fundamental approval to name their experience as exploitation (Hart 1996, Viano 1996, Erez 2000, Erez 2002, Raj Silverman 2002, Nicholson et al 2003). In BME people group, ladies face disrespect and dismissal in the event that they leave their accomplices, regardless of whether they do as such because of abusive behavior at home (Choudry 1996). An investigation in the Western Isles of Scotland (MacNeil et al 2004) exhibits how some very close networks can have solid social and strict standards which stress family security and non-obstruction, and append significant social disgrace to abusive behavior at home, seeing it to emerge through casualties flopping in practicing family duties. These variables can influence womens presentation to viciousness, and their capacity to recognize its event and look for or acquire network support. Aggressive behavior at home has been legitimized in law, religion, and in social belief systems of male predominance and womens mediocrity (Gill 2004).In differentiation, Hearn (1998) contends that in spite of the fact that there have been some legitimate changes, social talks of manliness keep on educating mens avocation for viciousness. In male-prevailing societies, the thought that ladies are liable for maintaining family respect stays a significant power impacting law, religion and social qualities and forming the idea of and reactions to abusive behavior at home (MacNeil 2004) For this explanation it very well may be contended that in such societies it might be hard for ladies to leave or look for help to get away from aggressive behavior at home in light of the fact that to do so would welcome disgrace all in all family and could bring about network ostracisation.

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Functionalist And Conflict Theory Sociology Essay

Qualities And Weaknesses Of Functionalist And Conflict Theory Sociology Essay Social and social hypotheses are frequently utilized when contemplating and applying information to sports. The speculations in the public arena frequently give a structure to asking research inquiries, deciphering data and having the option to reveal the more profound implications and stories that are related with sports, they likewise empower residents in the general public to turn out to be progressively educated so we can apply what we have gained from the examination and having the option to apply it on the planet that we live in. Speculations likewise empower individuals to see things in new edges and points of view and enable us to settle on educated choices about games and how sports cooperation can be utilized in our lives, networks, families and social orders. The six fundamental hypotheses utilized in sport have numerous focuses and can cover with one another yet just two will be talked about in this investigation. The two speculations picked to think about are functionali st hypothesis and struggle hypothesis. Functionalist hypothesis is a full scale sociological hypothesis that depends on the attributes of social examples, structures, social frameworks and foundations, for example, family, training, religion, recreation, the economy, media, legislative issues and game. In the event that all these social foundations are sorted out and co-work with each other around a lot of fundamental beliefs functionalist scholars expect that the whole social framework will work appropriately and productively. Society in functionalism has a view that it is a sorted out arrangement of interrelated parts that are held together by shared qualities and set up social courses of action that help keep up the framework in being in a condition of harmony and equalization. At the point when sociologists use functionalist hypothesis they split it into two sections, the primary idea of associated parts is the entirety of the social organizations (media, religion, sports, legislative issues and financial matters) and how they are connected together. In the convention of Talcott Parsons and his origination of useful objectives (objective achievement, adjustment, idleness and coordination) functionalists contend that there are four fundamental framework requirements for any general public in sports (group, clubs and so forth) to run easily and that everybody will profit. The four standards are Adjustment In request to get by in a general public it is fundamental that individuals figure out how to adjust to changes in the social structure and culture. Another significant component to endurance is the accentuation on being genuinely fit as it is required for most games. Objective Attainment This is the inspiration of people to accomplish societys objectives through socially acknowledged methods. Game is distracted with following the achievement and disappointments of its members anyway it likewise instructs members that in the event that they buckle down enough it will prompt triumph meaning achievement. Coordination Sport advances social associations among individuals and offers them the chance to co-work with one another in a gathering and a network. It additionally gives a sentiment of social distinguishing proof just as a wellspring of individual personality. The general public must keep itself together. Dormancy (design support and pressure the board) Each framework must keep up itself in a potential condition of harmony for as long as possible with no outside problematic impacts. Numerous types of example upkeep are given by sport principally through cooperation where the members are educated to acknowledge a position structure that is all around characterized for instance competitors realizing that refs have the authority over them to ensure they adhere to the principles of the game. Functionalist hypothesis in sport for the most part prompts the end that it is mainstream in the public eye since it can keep up the estimations of character that help to save solidness and request in public activity. Functionalist hypothesis additionally bolsters wearing strategies that help and suggest the development of serious game projects, creating training instruction programs, on account of youth sport there is a foundation on criminal authority checks and capability keeps an eye on mentors before working with more youthful youngsters. The hypothesis likewise bolsters the foundation of preparing habitats for world class competitors so they can keep up their top-level execution and making a point to have expanded observation and medication testing so they can manage and control the activities of competitors by forestalling those ingesting medications so they cannot swindle their approach to achieving a superior donning execution. Individuals in the public arena who have places of intensity will in general kindness functionalist hypothesis as it depends on the supposition that society is composed for profiting the individuals in that society of fairness and that in any emotional manner it ought not be changed. While functionalist hypothesis is a mainstream approach it has a few shortcomings. The shortcomings of functionalist hypothesis is that it will in general lead to misrepresented records of constructive results of sports and sports investment anyway it erroneously expect that there are no irreconcilable circumstances between the distinctive resident gatherings in the public arena, for example, ladies, individuals with incapacities, racial gatherings and individuals who are financially poor in the public eye yet it doesnt perceive that game can benefit or weakness individuals more than others. The hypothesis likewise overlooks the incredible verifiable and monetary variables that have impacted get-togethers and social connections. Functionalist hypothesis is fixated on the possibility that there is an accord in the qualities and standards of society and that social organizations found inside a general public are coordinated and work together. Conversely struggle hypothesis takes a gander at the job of influence and the disparity found all through society and how game is formed by these financial powers and utilized by individuals with prudent influence to build their impact and riches. Strife hypothesis depends on the thoughts of Karl Marx (1818 1883) which rose to significance during the 1970s in view of the developing upsetting with functionalist hypothesis. This hypothesis of Karl Marx sees sports as being based on the establishments of monetary force. In societys that are free enterprise you see that connections and social courses of action are sorted out around riches, cash and monetary influence for instance in the United States its simple to bring up the proprietors of the game groups as they are profit ing monetarily from the cost of world class competitors, the mentors that work close by the competitors and the observers who watch the game. Like functionalist hypothesis struggle hypothesis depends on the suspicion that society resembles a social framework anyway strife hypothesis centers around the necessities of capital instead of the general framework needs. Scholars of contention hypothesis clarify that a general public which is industrialist won't have the option to endure and develop without misusing any specialists for boosting money related benefits; they likewise recommend that if radical changes are to be finished up in game and society by winning equity and reasonableness they have to distinguish the negative results that game has. When these progressions are made game will turn into a wellspring of inventive vitality, articulation and physical prosperity. Individuals who live in industrialist economies are commonly not happy with the suspicions and finishes of contention hypothesis since they state it has a negative impact and doesn't fit into their thoughts regarding society and game as they feel uncomfortab le with the finishes of calling for radical change in the present association and structure that they as of now have. Quite a bit of contention hypothesis is aimed at sports which are ruled by onlookers. Struggle scholars on the off chance that they had the decision they would expand the control that competitors and other wearing members need to advance game at nearby network level with the goal that it benefits all classes of individuals as opposed to simply all tip top competitors. Which means the common laborers would have more impact of game than the rich class giving them more inspiration for cooperation and dispensing with benefits. Many clash scholars favor players associations that stand up to expert group proprietors and are supporting associations that help to make preparations for open expense cash being utilized to profit well off individuals. In a perfect world any open assets would be utilized to help supporting games that are intended to improve physical wellness, political mindfulness and incorporate putting the component of fun into exercises. Struggle scholars (Leonard 1980; Rigaue r2004) would likewise crusade for competitors at all levels to have portrayal with settling on choices about game in associations so Olympians would have the option to decide on approach addresses that concerned the organizing of the Olympic Games. Struggle hypothesis additionally has three significant shortcomings. The primary shortcoming is that the hypothesis will in general disregard the likelihood that sport in entrepreneur social orders can and may include encounters that give people and gatherings power. Strife scholars talk about how game is sorted out to expand the control that rich individuals have over different individuals in an industrialist society. The contention hypothesis approach doesnt recognize that game can take numerous types of serving interests in the have-not society and denies that any cooperation in game can be an individual imaginative and freeing experience that will rouse citizenry to roll out monetary improvements that will assist with advancing equity in leaving industrialist social orders. Furthermore struggle hypothesis overlooks the significance of race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, inability, age and numerous different elements with regards to disclosing how individuals need to distinguish themselves, how they identify with different individuals in the general public and how they arrange the social world where they live. Regularly its driving individuals to neglect the likelihood that imbalances and force in any general public depend on factors other than monetary and social class contrasts. Thirdly the hypothesis expect that all parts of public activity are resolved financially and is formed by the requirements of having capital in the public eye and benefit intention. Scholars of contention hypothesis center around the

Factors Affecting Full Recovery from Anorexia

Factors Affecting Full Recovery from Anorexia Eating Disorders Print What Factors Influence Full Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa? By Susan Cowden, MS facebook linkedin Susan Cowden is a licensed marriage and family therapist and a member of the Academy for Eating Disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Susan Cowden, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 31, 2020 More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention Anorexia nervosa is a serious, potentially life-threatening illness that often has a long course. Although many people with anorexia nervosa fully recover, others will develop a chronic form of the condition which can end in death or severe medical complications.?? Researchers are looking for factors that might help (or hinder) full recovery from anorexia. Identifying these factors can hopefully help medical and mental health professionals determine the best treatment for each person with the condition. Learn some of the factors that may influence whether or not someone will fully recover from anorexia nervosa. Duration of Illness One of the primary predictors for recovery from anorexia is a short duration of symptoms and illness prior to treatment.?? In other words, the longer a person has anorexia symptoms before starting treatment and entering recovery, the more likely it is that the illness will become chronic or that medical complications will develop. For this reason, eating disorders must be screened for in high-risk populations, and parents and other caregivers should not ignore symptoms. Many patients do not believe they are ill and therefore may not think they need treatment. Male patients and those from marginalized and underserved communities often dont receive early intervention and treatment for eating disorders.?? Depression Many people with eating disorders also have symptoms of one (or more) other mental health conditions, such as depression. Its not uncommon for people with anorexia nervosa to report they experienced symptoms of depression prior to the onset of the eating disorder. Others may have only developed additional mental health symptoms after their eating disorder started. Medical and mental health professionals need to be prepared to identify and treat depression in addition to anorexia nervosa. A 2014 study found that persistent and chronic anorexia symptoms are more likely to develop in people who experienced symptoms of depression before they developed an eating disorder.?? Relationship with Parents Research has also demonstrated that people with supportive and positive parental relationships are more likely to achieve recovery. On the other hand, people who have a negative relationship with family, or who have extremely critical parents, appear to be more likely to experience anorexia nervosa as a chronic illness.?? Providers should recognize that families with a child who has an eating disorder may appear to have poor relationships when they are actually responding to a crisis. This underscores the importance of involving parents in the treatment process, whether through family therapy or family-based treatment. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder As with depression, many people with anorexia nervosa also experience obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) alongside their eating disorder. Some research indicates the two conditions could share a genetic link.?? Research has shown that co-existing OCD is linked with poorer outcomes in the recovery of anorexia nervosa. The link is yet another reason why its necessary for treatment providers to screen for and address additional mental health symptoms in people with eating disorders. Vomiting and Purging Behaviors Binging and purging is a subtype of anorexia nervosa in which people engage in self-induced vomiting or other purging behaviors. It is similar to another eating disorder called bulimia nervosa.   People with anorexia nervosa who binge and purge may also be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and may be more likely to experience a chronic eating disorder course.?? Seeking Help Anorexia recovery is possible and its never too late to begin the process. If you or a loved one has anorexia nervosa, its vital that you involve a team of knowledgeable, compassionate medical and mental healthcare professionals. Seeking help from a provider who has experience treating eating disorders can give someone with an eating disorder and their family invaluable resources and support on the road to recovery Anorexia Discussion Guide Get our printable guide for your next doctors appointment to help you ask the right questions. Download PDF A Word From Verywell Eating disorders can be difficult to recognize and even more complex to treat, but there is hope. Researchers continue to investigate factors that affect the course of anorexia nervosa. New information will help develop better ways to identify and treat eating disorders, as well as the other mental health conditions that often accompany them. For people with anorexia nervosa and their families, working with an informed and compassionate team of medical and mental health professionals is crucial to positive recovery outcomes. How Does Anorexia Affect the Brain?

Lena Mary Calhoun Horne An Advocate For Civil Rights And...

In 1919 at the tender age of two, Lena Horne made her first public appearance on the cover of the Branch Bulletin, a publication of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. She was touted as the organization’s youngest member. Lena would go on to become a noted singer, dancer and sex symbol. Not content to revel in her fame, Lena became an advocate for civil rights and the abolishment of segregation. Lena Mary Calhoun Horne was born to a middle-class family in Brooklyn, New York. Members of the Horne family were active members of the NAACP and the Urban League; many had attained a college degree, which remained rare for African-Americans in the early 20th century. Lena’s mother, Edna, was an actress with a black theater troupe; despite her mother’s career as a performer, and Lena’s ambitions to take the stage herself, her family encouraged her to pursue a more conventional career path. Against the wishes of her family, Lena auditione d at the Cotton Club in Manhattan, she was sixteen. Lena was hired and began her show business career dancing in the chorus line at the Cotton Club, which booked black performers for a white only audience. While at the Cotton Club Lena sang with jazz composer Duke Ellington as well as Avon Long who had starred in Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess. Success at the Cotton Club encouraged Lena to try her talents on Broadway. After appearing in a Broadway musical revue, she joined a well-known swing band, the Charlie Barnet Orchestra.

Globalization A Global Economy Essay - 1521 Words

Globalization is the process in which we as humanity are coming together to form a global economy around all sorts of different infrastructures. â€Å"The globalization process implies the incorporation of national economies, cultures, political systems and various identities of capitalist system which require the removal of all hurdles to cross-national interaction and exchange often created earlier by protectionist states† (Aamir, 1). Globalization is the greatest thing to happen to us as humans, we will form together instead of being pushed apart. Companies trade with each other from different countries, this allows a wider market for both participants and makes more jobs on both sides of the trade, giving economic structors for countries in poverty. This joining of countries will allow a hermans period of our history and become the beginning of a new age where we do not fight each other for resources but work together to gain more than land or wealth. Many are concerned th at these changes will leave the poor behind to become dust in the wind, but there are many global institutions that are helping to keep this from happening. Some of these Institutions like the World Bank(WB) help by giving money to countries in poverty to allow them to grow and prosper like other countries and become part of this global phenomenon. Along with these Institutions, countries that are more fortunate are attempting to help the global trade process by creating promising treaties and methods ofShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And The Global Economy1720 Words   |  7 PagesFor many of the world’s population, the growing integration of the global economy has provided the opportunity for substantial income growth. This is reflected not only in higher incomes, but also in the improved availability of better quality and increasingly differentiated final products. However, at the same time, globalization has had its dark side. 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Music and Learning Free Essays

TETTEH OKLEY CEPHAS TOPIC: MUSIC AND LEARNING; incorporating music rhythm into studies to aid memory and recall. Case Study at the University of Ghana,Accra. Submitted as research proposal to Mr Adotey, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. We will write a custom essay sample on Music and Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1. 1 Background of the research 1. 2The study area 1. 3Problem statement 1. 4 Aims and objectives of this study 2. Literature review 3. Methodology 3. 2 Methodological considerations 3. 2. 1 Qualitative framework of study 3. 3. Data collection and procedure 3. 3. 1 Instruments,participants 3. 3. 2 Data analysis 4. Discussions;summary of discussion . INTRODUCTION 1. 1 background to the research Are people typically geniuses? Statistically, people probably are not. In fact, most people probably aren’t even intellectually gifted at all. Most people are likely to be pretty much average, maybe a little bit above average, or a little below, but very average none the less. It is universally understood that people strive to learn to become wiser and more informed about the world around them. The more people learn, the more powerful they can become. It is the speed at which people learn that separates the geniuses from the average people from the lear ning disabled. Geniuses don’t run into problems while learning, because they learn so fast. It is everyone else that could really use help. One solid way to increase the speed at which people learn is with music. People learn through music and their minds grow faster because of it. Some music, when implemented properly, can have positive effects on learning and attitude. Music is a powerful thing, and when we understand its significance, it can bring dramatic changes both positive and negative into our lives (Kristian David Oslon). Sceintific research on the neurological and developmental effects of music on learning has fascinated educators since long. rom soft music in the nursery to musical toys and dance lessons, encouraging music involvement in a fun way strengthens individual educational, physical and emotional development. Learning is the process of acquiring modifications in existing knowledge, skills, habits, or tendencies through experience, practice, or exercise. Learning includes associative processes, discrimination of sense data psychomotor and perceptual learning, imitation,concept,formation,problem solving, and insight. prominent psychologist and educationists have over the years propounded ways though which learning could be improved and made easy. f them music is no exception Music is one of the few activities that involves using the whole brain. It is intrinsic to all cultures and can have surprising benefits not only for learning language, improving memory and focusing attention, but also for physical coordination and development. Of course, music can be distracting if it’s too loud or too jarring, or if it competes for our attention with what we’re trying to do. But for the most part, exposure to many kinds of music has beneficial effects Music affects the process of learning and thinking. Listening to quiet and soothing music while working helps an individual to work faster and in a more efficient way. it has the ability to make the listener acts positively and feel motivated. The power of music to affect memory is quite intriguing. Mozart’s music and baroque music, with a 60 beats per minute beat pattern, activates the left and right brain. The simultaneous left and right brain action maximizes learning and retention of information. The information being studied activates the left brain while the music activates the right brain. Also, activities which engage both sides of the brain at the same time, such as playing an instrument or singing, cause the brain to be more capable of processing information. Listening to music facilitates the recall of information19. Researchers have shown that certain types of music are a great â€Å"keys† for recalling memories. Information learned while listening to a particular song can often be recalled simply by â€Å"playing† the songs mentally. Further on,music has a calming effect on the mind and his even known to speed the recovery of health ailments. Studies have shown that music plays a vital core in enhancing creativity. It has a positive impact on the right side of the brain, triggering the brain centers responsible for the enhancement of creativity. Certain â€Å"ragas† are known to activate the â€Å"chakras† of our body, thus giving us an added advantage in other creative tasks. Music increases spatial and abstract reasoning skills. These are the skills required in tackling problems, solving puzzles and taking decisions. Listening to Mozarts is known to have a positive effect on the spatial-temporal reasoning, simply put,it makes you smarter. Have you tried learning anything by combining it with music or rhythm? or example, counting with a certain repeating pattern, or learning certain maths basics by giving it a tune, or learning poetry by reciting it musically. basically the combination of the rythm of a favorite song rhythm to something to be learnt makes it easier to remember since songs are are not plain words but are actually compositions with immediate catching rhythms. An in teresting aspect of music is how it eliminates depression,which reduces brain activity and hampers the minds ability to plan and carry outs tasks, by increase the sorotonim levels of the brain making the brain alert. ensational rhythms can cause the brain waves to resonate in synch to the beat,thus leading to increased levels of concentration and increased mental alertness. This helps the brain to change speeds of processing easily as need be. Music as a whole usually helps increase discipline. Rythms are easy to catch and recall and if intertwined with subject topics would help a student to recall . Everyone who have been through elementary school can not deny the fact that the reciting of poem did not in one way the other help he. Most of us still vividly remember so well some of this poems. This is because this hard knowledge was presented in a way that sounded so well still sound pleasant to the ear. Students appear to learn and retain more when the subject matter is presented through rhythm and/or song. They can also retrieve information if taught the correct cues. Students do not have to be musical scholars or prodigies in order to benefit from the joys of being taught mnemonically. Students who have difficulty retaining information because they cannot read or have not been taught any memory strategies, can often learn effortlessly through rhythmic and musical mnemonics. When textual information is presented as the words of a song or familiar tune, it is better recalled and its memory is more durable. Also, when the lyric and melody are partnered and then rehearsed, the melody is an effective cue for retrieving the lyric. (Chazin Neuschatz,1990; Gfeller, 1982; Wallace, 1994; Yalch, 1991; Gfeller, 1982). 1. 2. STUDY AREA The University of Ghana is the oldest and largest of the Ghanaian universities. It was founded in 1948 as the University College of the Gold coast, and was originally an affiliate college of the University of London which supervised its academic programmes and awarded degrees. It gained full university status in 1961, and now has nearly 40,000 students. The original emphasis was on the liberal arts, social sciences, basic science, agriculture, and medicine, but (partly as the result of a national educational reform programme) the curriculum was expanded to provide more technology-based and vocational courses and post graduate training. The university is mainly based at Legon about twelve kilometres northeast of the centre of Accra, Ghana. The medical school is in Korle Bu with a teaching Hospital and secondary campus in the city of Accra(Accra City Campus) meant for workers or the working class. It also has a graduate school of nuclear and allied sciences at the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, making it one of the few universities in Africa offering programmes in nuclear sciences. The university also has another branch of its Business school located in the Central city of Accra. The school can boast of big Department of Psychology upon its introduction into the University in 1967. It now is one of the fields with over thousands students. 1. 3PROBLEM STATEMENT †¢ Is it worth it all to use music to aid recall or improve memory †¢ which kinds of music rhythms are appropriate †¢ how can these rhythms be fashioned into the learning and teaching strategy to improve memory †¢ was the use of song rhythms able to aid recall and memory. †¢ If indeed it is shown that students benefit from learning subject matter in the classroom mnemonically through music rhythms, what is preventing teachers from using them more often in the classroom? 1. 4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To conglomerate the knowledge of music into the learning strategy to aid concentration and cognition †¢ To precisely state methods by which music can be incorporated into learning to aid easy recall of stuffs learnt †¢ To examine whether the attachment of the knowledge of music and rhythms to learning really aids recall and memory improvementt †¢ To prescribe the kind of musi c rhythms to be used in learning which can aid cognition precisely recall and memory improvement †¢ To help lecturers to sufficiently use music rhythms in teaching their students 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Yates (1972) chronicles how the Ancient Greeks, who invented many arts, also invented the art of memory. Just like their other arts this was passed onto Rome and subsequently descended in the European tradition. This method of impressing place, image, and music on memory has been called ‘mnemotechnics’ or mnemonics. †¢ The reviewed literature reveals current and past studies on the subject of using musical mnemonics as an effective memory tool in the classroom and beyond. A musical mnemonic is a useful tool for disciplines that require a great deal of memorization. Mnemonics can be teacher created or students created and should not be introduced until the student knows how to use them correctly. The literature reports that in general students, who have been taught through mnemonic instruction, outperform students taught by traditional instruction techniques. Much of the prior research was conducted in the curriculum areas of science, history, geography, English, social studies and foreign language vocabulary. The literature is presented from two complimentary perspectives; medical and educational. †¢ Sacks (2007) researched the phenomenon of brainworms. Brainworms are overly catchy tunes designed to bore their way into the listener’s ear or mind and are not easily forgotten. They were described as â€Å"cognitively infectious music agents† by a newsmagazine in 1987 (p. 42). Sacks (2007) searches for the qualities that make a tune become almost impossible to delete from memory. Is it timbre? Rhythm? Melody? Repetition? â€Å"Or is it arousal of special emotional resonances or associations† (p. 43)? He recounts a song from his youth â€Å"Had Gadya† a Hebrew song that was long and repetitive and that became â€Å"hammered† (p. 44) into his head. He queries: â€Å"Did the qualities of repetition and simplicity†¦ act as neural facilitators, setting up a circuit (for it felt like this) that reexcited itself automatically? Or did the grim humor of the song or its solemn, liturgical context play a significant part too† (p. 44)? †¢ Sacks (2007) reports on how our brains are helplessly sensitive to music, and how the â€Å"automatic or compulsive internal repetition of musical phrases is almost universal† (p. 44). The brain treats musical imagery and musical memory in a unique way that has no equivalents in the visual mind. Melody, with its unique tempo, rhythm and pitch â€Å"tend to be preserved with remarkable accuracy† (p. 47) whereas visual scenes are often not recalled as accurately. Because of this â€Å"defenseless engraving of music on the brain† (p. 47) musical imagery and memory even occur in people who that they are not musical. Neurologically, people tend to find those brainworms or catchy tunes completely irresistible and unforgettable. This comes as no surprise to the advertising world that makes their millions out of flooding our world with such nauseating jingles as â€Å"Rice-a-Roni; the San Francisco treat! or â€Å"800-588-2300 Empire, today! † †¢ Mnemonics 14 †¢ Hodges (2000) marvels at the new revelations that the latest â€Å"neural machinery† has shown us, on the effects of music on the brain. He derives the following premises from neuromusical research. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The human brain has the ability to respond to and partic ipate in music. The musical brain operates at birth and persists throughout life. Early and ongoing musical training affects the organization of the musical brain. The musical brain consists of extensive neural systems involving widely †¢ †¢ istributed, but locally specialized regions of the brain: o Cognitive components Affective components Motor components The musical brain is highly resilient. In the same article he quotes a neurologist, Frank Wilson (1986) who states that â€Å"†¦ all of us have a biologic guarantee of musicianship†¦. we all have the capacity to respond to and participate in the music of our environment† (p. 18). Research from the Classroom and Learning Environment Gfeller (1986) did extensive research with learning disabled children and how musical mnemonics affect their retention and recall. She chose as subjects for her research both learning disabled and non learning disabled students. The study focused on the memorizing of multiplication facts through repetition either by chanting the numbers and product to a simple tune or standard verbal rehearsal. After the initial trial, the non disabled students reported significantly greater recall of the facts than the learning disabled participants (p ; . 05). By the end of the fifth trial however, both sets of participants who had learned their multiplication facts †¢ Mnemonics 15 usically, remembered significantly more (p ; . 001) than did any of the students using verbal recitation. Gfeller (1986) emphasizes the importance of teaching the students how and when to use a mnemonic. After all, the mnemonic is only effective if the student can access it, retrieve it and subsequently utilize it. She also encourages the use of familiar melodies in creating mnemonics. Students in her trial remarked that â€Å"†¦ the fact s most easily recalled were those rehearsed to melodies reminiscent of songs they previousl †¢ How to cite Music and Learning, Papers Music and Learning Free Essays TETTEH OKLEY CEPHAS TOPIC: MUSIC AND LEARNING; incorporating music rhythm into studies to aid memory and recall. Case Study at the University of Ghana,Accra. Submitted as research proposal to Mr Adotey, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. We will write a custom essay sample on Music and Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1. 1 Background of the research 1. 2The study area 1. 3Problem statement 1. 4 Aims and objectives of this study 2. Literature review 3. Methodology 3. 2 Methodological considerations 3. 2. 1 Qualitative framework of study 3. 3. Data collection and procedure 3. 3. 1 Instruments,participants 3. 3. 2 Data analysis 4. Discussions;summary of discussion . INTRODUCTION 1. 1 background to the research Are people typically geniuses? Statistically, people probably are not. In fact, most people probably aren’t even intellectually gifted at all. Most people are likely to be pretty much average, maybe a little bit above average, or a little below, but very average none the less. It is universally understood that people strive to learn to become wiser and more informed about the world around them. The more people learn, the more powerful they can become. It is the speed at which people learn that separates the geniuses from the average people from the lear ning disabled. Geniuses don’t run into problems while learning, because they learn so fast. It is everyone else that could really use help. One solid way to increase the speed at which people learn is with music. People learn through music and their minds grow faster because of it. Some music, when implemented properly, can have positive effects on learning and attitude. Music is a powerful thing, and when we understand its significance, it can bring dramatic changes both positive and negative into our lives (Kristian David Oslon). Sceintific research on the neurological and developmental effects of music on learning has fascinated educators since long. rom soft music in the nursery to musical toys and dance lessons, encouraging music involvement in a fun way strengthens individual educational, physical and emotional development. Learning is the process of acquiring modifications in existing knowledge, skills, habits, or tendencies through experience, practice, or exercise. Learning includes associative processes, discrimination of sense data psychomotor and perceptual learning, imitation,concept,formation,problem solving, and insight. prominent psychologist and educationists have over the years propounded ways though which learning could be improved and made easy. f them music is no exception Music is one of the few activities that involves using the whole brain. It is intrinsic to all cultures and can have surprising benefits not only for learning language, improving memory and focusing attention, but also for physical coordination and development. Of course, music can be distracting if it’s too loud or too jarring, or if it competes for our attention with what we’re trying to do. But for the most part, exposure to many kinds of music has beneficial effects Music affects the process of learning and thinking. Listening to quiet and soothing music while working helps an individual to work faster and in a more efficient way. it has the ability to make the listener acts positively and feel motivated. The power of music to affect memory is quite intriguing. Mozart’s music and baroque music, with a 60 beats per minute beat pattern, activates the left and right brain. The simultaneous left and right brain action maximizes learning and retention of information. The information being studied activates the left brain while the music activates the right brain. Also, activities which engage both sides of the brain at the same time, such as playing an instrument or singing, cause the brain to be more capable of processing information. Listening to music facilitates the recall of information19. Researchers have shown that certain types of music are a great â€Å"keys† for recalling memories. Information learned while listening to a particular song can often be recalled simply by â€Å"playing† the songs mentally. Further on,music has a calming effect on the mind and his even known to speed the recovery of health ailments. Studies have shown that music plays a vital core in enhancing creativity. It has a positive impact on the right side of the brain, triggering the brain centers responsible for the enhancement of creativity. Certain â€Å"ragas† are known to activate the â€Å"chakras† of our body, thus giving us an added advantage in other creative tasks. Music increases spatial and abstract reasoning skills. These are the skills required in tackling problems, solving puzzles and taking decisions. Listening to Mozarts is known to have a positive effect on the spatial-temporal reasoning, simply put,it makes you smarter. Have you tried learning anything by combining it with music or rhythm? or example, counting with a certain repeating pattern, or learning certain maths basics by giving it a tune, or learning poetry by reciting it musically. basically the combination of the rythm of a favorite song rhythm to something to be learnt makes it easier to remember since songs are are not plain words but are actually compositions with immediate catching rhythms. An in teresting aspect of music is how it eliminates depression,which reduces brain activity and hampers the minds ability to plan and carry outs tasks, by increase the sorotonim levels of the brain making the brain alert. ensational rhythms can cause the brain waves to resonate in synch to the beat,thus leading to increased levels of concentration and increased mental alertness. This helps the brain to change speeds of processing easily as need be. Music as a whole usually helps increase discipline. Rythms are easy to catch and recall and if intertwined with subject topics would help a student to recall . Everyone who have been through elementary school can not deny the fact that the reciting of poem did not in one way the other help he. Most of us still vividly remember so well some of this poems. This is because this hard knowledge was presented in a way that sounded so well still sound pleasant to the ear. Students appear to learn and retain more when the subject matter is presented through rhythm and/or song. They can also retrieve information if taught the correct cues. Students do not have to be musical scholars or prodigies in order to benefit from the joys of being taught mnemonically. Students who have difficulty retaining information because they cannot read or have not been taught any memory strategies, can often learn effortlessly through rhythmic and musical mnemonics. When textual information is presented as the words of a song or familiar tune, it is better recalled and its memory is more durable. Also, when the lyric and melody are partnered and then rehearsed, the melody is an effective cue for retrieving the lyric. (Chazin Neuschatz,1990; Gfeller, 1982; Wallace, 1994; Yalch, 1991; Gfeller, 1982). 1. 2. STUDY AREA The University of Ghana is the oldest and largest of the Ghanaian universities. It was founded in 1948 as the University College of the Gold coast, and was originally an affiliate college of the University of London which supervised its academic programmes and awarded degrees. It gained full university status in 1961, and now has nearly 40,000 students. The original emphasis was on the liberal arts, social sciences, basic science, agriculture, and medicine, but (partly as the result of a national educational reform programme) the curriculum was expanded to provide more technology-based and vocational courses and post graduate training. The university is mainly based at Legon about twelve kilometres northeast of the centre of Accra, Ghana. The medical school is in Korle Bu with a teaching Hospital and secondary campus in the city of Accra(Accra City Campus) meant for workers or the working class. It also has a graduate school of nuclear and allied sciences at the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, making it one of the few universities in Africa offering programmes in nuclear sciences. The university also has another branch of its Business school located in the Central city of Accra. The school can boast of big Department of Psychology upon its introduction into the University in 1967. It now is one of the fields with over thousands students. 1. 3PROBLEM STATEMENT †¢ Is it worth it all to use music to aid recall or improve memory †¢ which kinds of music rhythms are appropriate †¢ how can these rhythms be fashioned into the learning and teaching strategy to improve memory †¢ was the use of song rhythms able to aid recall and memory. †¢ If indeed it is shown that students benefit from learning subject matter in the classroom mnemonically through music rhythms, what is preventing teachers from using them more often in the classroom? 1. 4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To conglomerate the knowledge of music into the learning strategy to aid concentration and cognition †¢ To precisely state methods by which music can be incorporated into learning to aid easy recall of stuffs learnt †¢ To examine whether the attachment of the knowledge of music and rhythms to learning really aids recall and memory improvementt †¢ To prescribe the kind of musi c rhythms to be used in learning which can aid cognition precisely recall and memory improvement †¢ To help lecturers to sufficiently use music rhythms in teaching their students 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Yates (1972) chronicles how the Ancient Greeks, who invented many arts, also invented the art of memory. Just like their other arts this was passed onto Rome and subsequently descended in the European tradition. This method of impressing place, image, and music on memory has been called ‘mnemotechnics’ or mnemonics. †¢ The reviewed literature reveals current and past studies on the subject of using musical mnemonics as an effective memory tool in the classroom and beyond. A musical mnemonic is a useful tool for disciplines that require a great deal of memorization. Mnemonics can be teacher created or students created and should not be introduced until the student knows how to use them correctly. The literature reports that in general students, who have been taught through mnemonic instruction, outperform students taught by traditional instruction techniques. Much of the prior research was conducted in the curriculum areas of science, history, geography, English, social studies and foreign language vocabulary. The literature is presented from two complimentary perspectives; medical and educational. †¢ Sacks (2007) researched the phenomenon of brainworms. Brainworms are overly catchy tunes designed to bore their way into the listener’s ear or mind and are not easily forgotten. They were described as â€Å"cognitively infectious music agents† by a newsmagazine in 1987 (p. 42). Sacks (2007) searches for the qualities that make a tune become almost impossible to delete from memory. Is it timbre? Rhythm? Melody? Repetition? â€Å"Or is it arousal of special emotional resonances or associations† (p. 43)? He recounts a song from his youth â€Å"Had Gadya† a Hebrew song that was long and repetitive and that became â€Å"hammered† (p. 44) into his head. He queries: â€Å"Did the qualities of repetition and simplicity†¦ act as neural facilitators, setting up a circuit (for it felt like this) that reexcited itself automatically? Or did the grim humor of the song or its solemn, liturgical context play a significant part too† (p. 44)? †¢ Sacks (2007) reports on how our brains are helplessly sensitive to music, and how the â€Å"automatic or compulsive internal repetition of musical phrases is almost universal† (p. 44). The brain treats musical imagery and musical memory in a unique way that has no equivalents in the visual mind. Melody, with its unique tempo, rhythm and pitch â€Å"tend to be preserved with remarkable accuracy† (p. 47) whereas visual scenes are often not recalled as accurately. Because of this â€Å"defenseless engraving of music on the brain† (p. 47) musical imagery and memory even occur in people who that they are not musical. Neurologically, people tend to find those brainworms or catchy tunes completely irresistible and unforgettable. This comes as no surprise to the advertising world that makes their millions out of flooding our world with such nauseating jingles as â€Å"Rice-a-Roni; the San Francisco treat! or â€Å"800-588-2300 Empire, today! † †¢ Mnemonics 14 †¢ Hodges (2000) marvels at the new revelations that the latest â€Å"neural machinery† has shown us, on the effects of music on the brain. He derives the following premises from neuromusical research. †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The human brain has the ability to respond to and partic ipate in music. The musical brain operates at birth and persists throughout life. Early and ongoing musical training affects the organization of the musical brain. The musical brain consists of extensive neural systems involving widely †¢ †¢ istributed, but locally specialized regions of the brain: o Cognitive components Affective components Motor components The musical brain is highly resilient. In the same article he quotes a neurologist, Frank Wilson (1986) who states that â€Å"†¦ all of us have a biologic guarantee of musicianship†¦. we all have the capacity to respond to and participate in the music of our environment† (p. 18). Research from the Classroom and Learning Environment Gfeller (1986) did extensive research with learning disabled children and how musical mnemonics affect their retention and recall. She chose as subjects for her research both learning disabled and non learning disabled students. The study focused on the memorizing of multiplication facts through repetition either by chanting the numbers and product to a simple tune or standard verbal rehearsal. After the initial trial, the non disabled students reported significantly greater recall of the facts than the learning disabled participants (p ; . 05). By the end of the fifth trial however, both sets of participants who had learned their multiplication facts †¢ Mnemonics 15 usically, remembered significantly more (p ; . 001) than did any of the students using verbal recitation. Gfeller (1986) emphasizes the importance of teaching the students how and when to use a mnemonic. After all, the mnemonic is only effective if the student can access it, retrieve it and subsequently utilize it. She also encourages the use of familiar melodies in creating mnemonics. Students in her trial remarked that â€Å"†¦ the fact s most easily recalled were those rehearsed to melodies reminiscent of songs they previousl †¢ How to cite Music and Learning, Essay examples

The Kiss (Lovers) by Gustav Klimt Essays - Visual Arts,

The Kiss (Lovers) by Gustav Klimt The Kiss (Lovers) was painted by the Australian painter Gustav Klimt between 1907 and 1908, in his golden period, when he painted numbers of works in a similar gilded style. The shades show a couple embracing, and the man holding her face while kissing her cheek. The work is composed of conventional oil paint with applied layers of gold leaf, an aspect that gives it its strikingly modern, yet evocative appearance. The Kiss reflects his fascination with eroticism, and while its overall architecture is obviously phallic, it is renowned because of its tender representation of the female model who is tightly embraced within the overall geometry of the picture and whose body is formed from the most detailed, colorful and best expressed abstract passages of Klimt's career. In its tenderness, the painting deviates from his typical portrayal of woman as distant femme fatales; here the female is the protagonist, rather than merely the object of desire. The reason I chose this masterpiece is because I feel it shows not eroticism, but love and warmness. It doesn't make me feel uncomfortable; it feels like the hand placed on her face and her expression is full of love and kindness. To be honest, this is my favorite painting of all time, not because it is of Klimt's, because of the message it transmits. In addition, it is very creative of his part because instead of a painting it looks like an "arts and crafts" work, so it makes it more decorative and full of stuff. The golden period is my Klimt's favorite period because of his creativity and his way of expressing. Klimt usually shows the female body in his works to show eroticism, but in this case, the female body is fully covered and the male appears to be fully covered too, but their faces are not. I think he did this to show the art of love, and to transmit the emotions of their faces.